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HTTP Callback Tasks (Webhooks)

Basics

If you need to call into another language, framework or similar, you can do so by using HTTP callback tasks.

The HTTP callback tasks uses GET/POST data to pass arguments and returns result as a JSON response. The scheme to call a task is:

GET http://example.com/mytask/?arg1=a&arg2=b&arg3=c

or using POST:

POST http://example.com/mytask

注解

POST data needs to be form encoded.

Whether to use GET or POST is up to you and your requirements.

The web page should then return a response in the following format if the execution was successful:

{'status': 'success', 'retval': …}

or if there was an error:

{'status': 'failure': 'reason': 'Invalid moon alignment.'}

Enabling the HTTP task

To enable the HTTP dispatch task you have to add celery.task.http to CELERY_IMPORTS, or start the worker with -I celery.task.http.

Django webhook example

With this information you could define a simple task in Django:

from django.http import HttpResponse
from anyjson import serialize


def multiply(request):
    x = int(request.GET['x'])
    y = int(request.GET['y'])
    result = x * y
    response = {'status': 'success', 'retval': result}
    return HttpResponse(serialize(response), mimetype='application/json')

Ruby on Rails webhook example

or in Ruby on Rails:

def multiply
    @x = params[:x].to_i
    @y = params[:y].to_i

    @status = {:status => 'success', :retval => @x * @y}

    render :json => @status
end

You can easily port this scheme to any language/framework; new examples and libraries are very welcome.

Calling webhook tasks

To call a task you can use the URL class:

>>> from celery.task.http import URL
>>> res = URL('http://example.com/multiply').get_async(x=10, y=10)

URL is a shortcut to the HttpDispatchTask. You can subclass this to extend the functionality.

>>> from celery.task.http import HttpDispatchTask
>>> res = HttpDispatchTask.delay(
...     url='http://example.com/multiply',
...     method='GET', x=10, y=10)
>>> res.get()
100

The output of celery worker (or the log file if enabled) should show the task being executed:

[INFO/MainProcess] Task celery.task.http.HttpDispatchTask
        [f2cc8efc-2a14-40cd-85ad-f1c77c94beeb] processed: 100

Since calling tasks can be done via HTTP using the djcelery.views.apply() view, calling tasks from other languages is easy. For an example service exposing tasks via HTTP you should have a look at examples/celery_http_gateway in the Celery distribution: http://github.com/celery/celery/tree/master/examples/celery_http_gateway/